Uburyo bwo Gukora Igenamiterere rya Proxy kuri Ubuntu & Debian Linux
Updated:
Kuri Ubuntu na Debian Linux, igenamiterere rya proxy rigengwa n'aho ikoreshwa: amasesiyo ya shell asoma /etc/environment cyangwa ~/.bashrc, porogaramu icunga amapaki ya APT isoma /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/, serivisi za systemd zisoma dosiye za drop-in unit, naho GNOME Desktop igakoresha gsettings. Ubu buyobozi buguha uduce tw'imyandikire y'igenamiterere nyayo kuri buri gice cya Ubuntu ukoresheje VinaProxy HTTP(S) proxies.
export http_proxy=http://user:pass@ip:port https_proxy=http://user:pass@ip:port- IP 1₫ 40.000
- IP 5+₫ 35.000
- IP 10+₫ 25.000
- IP 20+₫ 25.000
- IP 50+₫ 25.000
- IP 100+₫ 25.000
- IP 200+₫ 25.000
- IP 500+₫ 25.000
- IP 1000+₫ 22.000
- IP 2000+₫ 20.000
- IP 1₫ 40.000
- IP 5+₫ 35.000
- IP 10+₫ 25.000
- IP 20+₫ 25.000
- IP 50+₫ 25.000
- IP 100+₫ 25.000
- IP 200+₫ 25.000
- IP 500+₫ 25.000
- IP 1000+₫ 22.000
- IP 2000+₫ 20.000
Inzego z'Igenamiterere rya Proxy kuri Ubuntu
Buri gihe sudo ikuraho ibiranga ibidukikije (environment variables) by'umukoresha, kandi serivisi za systemd ntizisoma ~/.bashrc. Koresha iyi mbonerahamwe kugira ngo ukore igenamiterere rya dosiye nyayo kuri Ubuntu:
| Igice cya Ubuntu | Dosiye y'Igenamiterere / Komande | Icyo Bikoreshwaho | Uko Bigumaho |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interactive Shell | ~/.bashrc cyangwa /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh | curl, wget, python, git, node | Buri gihe winjiye muri shell |
| PAM Env ya Sisitemu Yose | /etc/environment | Amasesiyo yose y'abakoresha ba PAM | Kugera no mu gihe imashini yongeye kwatsa |
| Gucunga Amapaki ya APT | /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy | sudo apt update & apt install | Ihoraho kuri APT |
| Serivisi za systemd | /etc/systemd/system/<svc>.service.d/proxy.conf | Docker daemon, serivisi zihariye | Nyuma ya daemon-reload |
Intambwe ku Yindi yo Gushyiraho Proxy kuri Ubuntu Server & Desktop
bash
# 1. /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh (Shell & CLI tools)
sudo tee /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh > /dev/null << 'EOF'
export http_proxy="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export https_proxy="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export HTTP_PROXY="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export HTTPS_PROXY="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export no_proxy="localhost,127.0.0.1,::1,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16"
export NO_PROXY="$no_proxy"
EOF
source /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh
# 2. /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy (APT package manager)
sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy > /dev/null << 'EOF'
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT/";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT/";
EOF
Kugumana Ibiranga Proxy muri sudo & Inyuguti Zihariye
- Niba ukoresha amakomande unyuze kuri
sudo curl ...cyangwasudo pip ..., koreshasudo -Ekugira ngo ugumane ibiranga ibidukikije bya proxy wagaragaje, cyangwa wongerehoDefaults env_keep += "http_proxy https_proxy HTTP_PROXY HTTPS_PROXY no_proxy NO_PROXY"unyuze kurisudo visudo. - Gabanya uruhushya rwa dosiye (
sudo chmod 600 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy) kuri seriveri za Linux zisangiwe n'abakoresha benshi kugira ngo abandi bakoresha bo muri iyo mashini batabona imyirondoro yawe ya proxy.
Intambwe ku yindi
- 1
Kugaragaza Ibiranga Ibidukikije bya Shell (/etc/profile.d/proxy.sh)
Kora /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh igaragaza ibiranga byombi haba mu nyuguti ntoya (http_proxy, https_proxy, no_proxy) n'inyuguti nkuru (HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY, NO_PROXY) kugira ngo ibikoresho byose bya GNU na Go/Rust CLI bibashe kubimenya.
- 2
Gukora Igenamiterere rya Proxy ku Mucungamapaki wa APT
Kuko sudo apt update yirengagiza ibiranga bya shell by'umukoresha, kora /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy irimo Acquire::http::Proxy na Acquire::https::Proxy.
- 3
Kugenzura Ihuza Risohoka Ukoresheje curl
Koresha
source /etc/profile.d/proxy.shmaze ukorecurl -s https://api.ipify.orgkugira ngo ugenzure ko imashini yawe ya Ubuntu inyura kuri VinaProxy.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Kuki nkeneye http_proxy mu nyuguti ntoya na HTTP_PROXY mu nyuguti nkuru kuri Linux?
Bimwe mu bikoresho bya Linux (nka curl na wget) bigenzura http_proxy y'inyuguti ntoya, mu gihe ibindi bikorana gusa na HTTP_PROXY y'inyuguti nkuru (cyangwa byombi). Gushyiraho byombi bitanga icyizere cy'imikorere itajegajega muri gahunda zose.
Kuki `sudo apt update` yirengagiza ikiranga cya `http_proxy` nerekanye?
sudo yongera gutangiza ibiranga ibidukikije ku mpamvu z'umutekano keretse ikoreshejwe na sudo -E. Gukora igenamiterere rya /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy bituma APT ihora ikoresha proxy neza.
Nshyiraho nte proxy kuri Ubuntu Desktop GUI (GNOME)?
Fungura Settings → Network → Network Proxy → Manual, cyangwa ukoreshe gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode 'manual' hamwe na host na port bya org.gnome.system.proxy.http.
Bona HTTP(S) proxies za low-latency kuri Ubuntu
Imyirondoro y'ako kanya ya Dedicated IPv4 na Static ISP mu bihugu 7.
Reba Ibiciro bya Proxy