Yadda Ake Saita Proxy a Ubuntu da Debian Linux
Updated:
A Ubuntu da Debian Linux, saitunan proxy sun dogara ne da yanayin aiki: zama na shell na karanta /etc/environment ko ~/.bashrc, manajan kunshin APT yana karanta /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/, ayyukan systemd suna karanta fayilolin drop-in unit, kuma GNOME Desktop yana amfani da gsettings. Wannan jagorar tana bada lambobin saiti na ainihi ga kowane bangare na Ubuntu ta amfani da VinaProxy HTTP(S) proxies.
export http_proxy=http://user:pass@ip:port https_proxy=http://user:pass@ip:port- IP 1₫ 40,000
- IPs 5+₫ 35,000
- IPs 10+₫ 25,000
- IPs 20+₫ 25,000
- IPs 50+₫ 25,000
- IPs 100+₫ 25,000
- IPs 200+₫ 25,000
- IPs 500+₫ 25,000
- IPs 1000+₫ 22,000
- IPs 2000+₫ 20,000
- IP 1₫ 40,000
- IPs 5+₫ 35,000
- IPs 10+₫ 25,000
- IPs 20+₫ 25,000
- IPs 50+₫ 25,000
- IPs 100+₫ 25,000
- IPs 200+₫ 25,000
- IPs 500+₫ 25,000
- IPs 1000+₫ 22,000
- IPs 2000+₫ 20,000
Fannonin Saitin Proxy a Ubuntu
A ka'ida, sudo yana cire mabambantan muhallin mai amfani, kuma ayyukan systemd ba sa karanta ~/.bashrc. Yi amfani da wannan teburin don saita fayil ɗin da ya dace a Ubuntu:
| Sashen Ubuntu | Fayil ɗin Saiti / Umarni | Yana Shafar | Dorewa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shell Mai Mu'amala | ~/.bashrc ko /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh | curl, wget, python, git, node | Kowane shigar shell |
| PAM Env na Duka Tsarin | /etc/environment | Duk zaman masu amfani na PAM | Ko da an sake kunna na'ura |
| Manajan Kunshin APT | /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy | sudo apt update da apt install | Na dindindin ga APT |
| Ayyukan systemd | /etc/systemd/system/<svc>.service.d/proxy.conf | Docker daemon, ayyukan da aka kera | Bayan daemon-reload |
Mataki-mataki na Saita a Ubuntu Server da Desktop
bash
# 1. /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh (Shell & CLI tools)
sudo tee /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh > /dev/null << 'EOF'
export http_proxy="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export https_proxy="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export HTTP_PROXY="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export HTTPS_PROXY="http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT"
export no_proxy="localhost,127.0.0.1,::1,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16"
export NO_PROXY="$no_proxy"
EOF
source /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh
# 2. /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy (APT package manager)
sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy > /dev/null << 'EOF'
Acquire::http::Proxy "http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT/";
Acquire::https::Proxy "http://USER:PASS@IP:PORT/";
EOF
Kiyaye Mabambantan Proxy a Ƙarƙashin sudo da Haruffa na Musamman
- Idan kana gudanar da umarni ta
sudo curl ...kosudo pip ..., yi amfani dasudo -Edomin kiyaye fitattun mabambantan muhallin proxy ɗinka, ko ka ƙaraDefaults env_keep += "http_proxy https_proxy HTTP_PROXY HTTPS_PROXY no_proxy NO_PROXY"tasudo visudo. - Iyakance izinin fayil (
sudo chmod 600 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy) a sabar Linux da aka raba tsakanin masu amfani da yawa domin sauran masu amfani na cikin gida kada su karanta bayanan sirri na proxy ɗinka.
Mataki-mataki
- 1
Fitar da Mabambantan Muhallin Shell (/etc/profile.d/proxy.sh)
Ƙirƙiri /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh wanda ke bayyana duka ƙananan haruffa (http_proxy, https_proxy, no_proxy) da manyan haruffa (HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY, NO_PROXY) na mabambanta domin dukkan kayan aikin CLI na GNU da Go/Rust su gane su.
- 2
Saita Proxy na Manajan Kunshin APT
Saboda sudo apt update yana watsi da mabambantan shell na mai amfani, ƙirƙiri /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy tare da Acquire::http::Proxy da Acquire::https::Proxy.
- 3
Gwada Haɗin Waje da curl
Fara amfani da profile ɗinka (
source /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh) sannan ka kunnacurl -s https://api.ipify.orgdon tabbatar da cewa na'urarka ta Ubuntu tana ratsawa ta VinaProxy.
Tambayoyin da aka fi yi
Me ya sa nake buƙatar duka ƙananan haruffa na http_proxy da manyan haruffa na HTTP_PROXY a Linux?
Wasu kayan aikin Linux (kamar curl da wget) suna duba ƙananan haruffa na http_proxy, yayin da wasu ke aiki kawai da manyan haruffa na HTTP_PROXY (ko duka biyun). Bayyana duka biyun yana tabbatar da aiki mai daidaito a dukkan wuraren aiki.
Me ya sa `sudo apt update` yake watsi da fitaccen mabambanci na `http_proxy`?
sudo yana sake saita mabambantan muhalli don tsaro sai dai idan an kira shi da sudo -E. Saita /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80proxy yana tabbatar da cewa APT koyaushe tana amfani da proxy lami lafiya.
Yadda zan saita proxy a Ubuntu Desktop GUI (GNOME)?
Bude Settings → Network → Network Proxy → Manual, ko amfani da gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode 'manual' tare da org.gnome.system.proxy.http host da port.
Sami HTTP(S) proxies masu ƙarancin jinkiri don Ubuntu
Bayanan shiga na Dedicated IPv4 nan take da Static ISP a fadin kasashe 7.
Duba Farashin Proxy